Concrete building construction



0.5. MUENCH. 'CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

"Patented May 30,1922.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1920.

UNITED ATES PATENT OFFICE,

em a: momma, or sr. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

, CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of 'Letters Patent.

Patented May 30, 1922.

1 Application filed September ass-192e," Serial no. 413,550.

Be it known that I, CARL G. Mormon, a citizen of the United States,residin at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and tateof Minnesota, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements-in Concrete BuildingConstructions; and I. do hereby declarethe' following to-be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which'it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to concrete building construction and .has forits object to provide a concrete building having thermoinsulated' walls,which will be simple and comparatively inexpensive to construct and moreeflicient in use than those heretofore, proposed.

With this and other objects in view the invention consists in the noveldetails of construction and combinations of parts more fully hereinafterdisclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims. i

Referring to the accompanying drawin s forming a part of thisspecification in whic "like numeralsdesignate like parts in all theviews i'- ure 3 illustrating still further modified forms of wallconstruction; v

Referring. more; particularly to the form of the invention shown inFigs. 1 and 2, 1 indicates a thermal insulating block preferably offelted cellulose'fibrous material,- which block is provided in thecourse of its manufacture with the integral lugs or projections 2, aswill be clear from the drawings. The fibers composing the said block maybe conveniently obtained vfrom the waste products of the ordinary papermill, known as wood pulp tailing's and are of varying sizes, such as thecoarse sliver like fibers 3, of from say 1/16 to 1/8 of an inch indiameter and from 3/8 to 5/8 of an inch long; the medium threadlikefibers 4, of from 1/50 to 1/32 of an inch in diameter,

and from 1/2 to 1 inch in length; andthe fine hairlike' fibers 5, offrom 1/10() to 1/200 of an inch in diameter and from 1 to 2 inches long.In addition to these there may also, be a fourth class composed ofrelatively .short fine fibers, such as are commonly used for makingpaper, and which in the present instance'act as a filler or binder. Byfelting the aboveclasses of fibers togetherby means ofa suitable machinea board or block may be produced which is exceedingly porous and light,and is at the same time relatively strong and possesses excellent heatinsulating qualities. In fact, it entrains an abnormal quantity of .airand is a very close approximation to cork both as to its. porosity andspecific gravity, and also as an insulator. c a r In the development ofconcrete buildings a' serious disadvantage has manifested itself, inthat the concrete is a relatively good conductor of heat and cold, andtherefore buildings constructed from such material have provendifii'cult'to heat satisfactorily in winter, andconversely,exceptionally warm in thesummer. However, by providing a core or'basewall of blocks such as those above. described, and suitably imbedd'ingthem in, or coating one or. both sides thereof with concrete, a buildingmay be obtained which will embody the rigidity and enduring qualities ofthe latter material while at the same time, possessing heatinsulatingiqualities not to be found in those built under the methodspreviously proposed.

" Accordingly, I propose to build up a substantially unbroken wall ofblocks 1, and -.to

associate therewith suitable forms or sheathing 6, see' Figure 1. Thesaid sheathing will be spaced fr'om the body portion of the blocks 1, bythelugs or projections2 there'- on, and into this said space 7, asuitable mixture' of concrete 8 'may be poured in the I usual manner.After the said concrete 8 has set, the forms 6 may be removed, leaving apoured monolithic cement wall having a core of heat insulating material,

The insulating material being com osed of the individual fibers havingthe 'di ering dimensions above disclosed, it of necessity is possessedof innumerable air cells, and therefore, it entrains or imprisons suchan 'abnormal or large quantity of air that it has a heat insulatingcapacity equal to that of cork. It is also highly porous as abovedescribed, bonds with the plastic material, and I which the bodyportion,-instead of being per- "concrete 8.

fectly straight, is made zig zagor of cor rugated cross 1 section. willof course add somewhat to the strength of the core, and at the same timepermit of a thicker layer of plastic material on each side thereofwithout increasing the length of the lugs .2. The joints between the adjacent blocks may be stepped or lapped, as shown at 10 in said figure." i

It will'of course be obvious that if desired the lugs 2 may be omittedand in lieu thereof suitable spacing strips may be em- .ployed betweenthe core and the sheathing 6 to provide-spaces for the concrete 8. wallconstructed upon this principle is shown in Figure 4, wherein the hollowcore blocks 1 instead of being provided withitheoutwardly projectinglugs'are suitably recessed as. at 12 to provide additional bonds'for theIf desired, suitable tie wires or staples 13 may berun through theblocks 1 as shown to further strengthen the con- -just as theyset, orthey struction, although it is preferable to have no heat conductmgconnections at all between the inner and outer layers of concrete. 1

'In Figure 5, the hollow blocks 1 are provided with recesses 12 upon oneside only and are made with a tongue and groove joint In this case theinner layer of concrete is omitted, and a coat of plaster 16 is applieddirectly to the inner surface of the blocks 1. Suitable metalreinforcing material 17 may be imbeddedin the outer concrete 8, asshown. j

a The interior and'exterior surfaces of the concrete walls illustratedmay be treated in any desired manner after the forms 6 are removed. Thatis to say, they may be left may be suitably coated .withplaster, stucco,or paint,'as each layers, as would ,be 1 the case This constructionindividual case may require. Further, the core blocksl may be suitablywaterproofed, if desired, either by" impregnation with waterproofingsubstances during their manucore extends throughout its .length andbreadth without interruption by other material, as opposed to theconstruction whereinthe individual blocks of said core are spaced apartand the spaces filled with some other material. p

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ofconstruction as well as the) arrangement of parts without departing fromthe spirit of the invention and therefore'I do not wish to be limited tothe above disclosure except as may be required by the claims,

' What I claim is l. A concrete buildingc onstruction comprising a wallhaving-a continuous core of A fibrous felted materiallentraining anabnormal quantity of air, and coated on both sides with a plasticmaterial and having interlocking connectionsbetween said fibrous andplastic materials, substantially as described.

2. A concrete building construction comprising a wall having a hollowcontinuous core composed of different sizesof fibers to provide numerousair cells and having bonded to said core on each side thereof a plasticmaterial, and said core provided with lugs .to interlock withsaid'plastic material,

substantially as "described.

A concrete building construction comprising a wall having a continuousheat insulating core zigzag in crosssection provided with projectionsconstituting inter- \locking means for the finishedlplastic layers, andsaid core coated on each side with a plastic material adhering thereto,substantially as described. I

In testimony'whereof I aflix my signature two witnesses.

'cARL e. MUENCH.

in presence o

